TY - JOUR

T1 - Multi-material 3D printing of programmable and stretchable oromucosal patches for delivery of saquinavir

AU - He, Shaolong

AU - Radeke, Carmen

AU - Jacobsen, Jette

AU - Lind, Johan Ulrik

AU - Mu, Huiling

N1 - Funding Information: The China Scholarship Council (201708510087) is acknowledged for the financial support to Shaolong He. Johan Ulrik Lind and Carmen Radeke would like to acknowledge The Lundbeck Foundation (R250-2017-1425 & R250-2017-1426) and The Independent Research Fund Denmark (8048-00050) for their support. We would also like to acknowledge Susan Weng Larsen for the help of HPLC analysis, Rita Wulff Rasmussen and Mette Frandsen for the technical support. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Author(s)

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Oromucosal patches for drug delivery allow fast onset of action and ability to circumvent hepatic first pass metabolism of drugs. While conventional fabrication methods such as solvent casting or hot melt extrusion are ideal for scalable production of low-cost delivery patches, these methods chiefly allow for simple, homogenous patch designs. As alternative, a multi-material direct-ink-write 3D printing for rapid fabrication of complex oromucosal patches with unique design features was demonstrated in the present study. Specifically, three print-materials: an acidic saquinavir-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ink, an alkaline effervescent sodium carbonate-loaded ink, and a methyl cellulose backing material were combined in various designs. The CO2 content and pH of the microenvironment were controlled by adjusting the number of alkaline layers in the patch. Additionally, the rigid and brittle patches were converted to compliant and stretchable patches by implementing mesh-like designs. Our results illustrate how 3D printing can be used for rapid design and fabrication of multifunctional or customized oromucosal patches with tailored dosages and changed drug permeation.

AB - Oromucosal patches for drug delivery allow fast onset of action and ability to circumvent hepatic first pass metabolism of drugs. While conventional fabrication methods such as solvent casting or hot melt extrusion are ideal for scalable production of low-cost delivery patches, these methods chiefly allow for simple, homogenous patch designs. As alternative, a multi-material direct-ink-write 3D printing for rapid fabrication of complex oromucosal patches with unique design features was demonstrated in the present study. Specifically, three print-materials: an acidic saquinavir-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ink, an alkaline effervescent sodium carbonate-loaded ink, and a methyl cellulose backing material were combined in various designs. The CO2 content and pH of the microenvironment were controlled by adjusting the number of alkaline layers in the patch. Additionally, the rigid and brittle patches were converted to compliant and stretchable patches by implementing mesh-like designs. Our results illustrate how 3D printing can be used for rapid design and fabrication of multifunctional or customized oromucosal patches with tailored dosages and changed drug permeation.

KW - 3D printing

KW - Buccal delivery

KW - Direct ink writing

KW - Microenvironmental pH

KW - Oromucosal patch

KW - Saquinavir

U2 - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121236

DO - 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121236

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34748810

AN - SCOPUS:85118756065

VL - 610

JO - International Journal of Pharmaceutics

JF - International Journal of Pharmaceutics

SN - 0378-5173

M1 - 121236

ER -