TY - JOUR

T1 - Reservoir of Antibiotic Residues and Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci in a Healthy Population in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana

AU - Bekoe, Samuel Oppong

AU - Hane-Weijman, Sophie

AU - Trads, Sofie Louise

AU - Orman, Emmanuel

AU - Opintan, Japheth

AU - Hansen, Martin

AU - Frimodt-Møller, Niels

AU - Styrishave, Bjarne

N1 - Funding Information: Funding: This research was part of the ADMER project (Grant Number: DFC number 09-099 SSI), sponsored by DANIDA, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. Website: http://um.dk/en/ danida-en/ (accessed on 13 December 2021).

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Antimicrobial resistance threatens infectious disease management outcomes, especially in developing countries. In this study, the occurrence of resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (rCoNS) and antibiotic residues in urine samples of 401 healthy individuals from Korle-Gonno (KG) and Dodowa (DDW) in Ghana was investigated. MALDI-ToF/MS with gram-staining techniques detected and identified the CoNS. SPE-LC-MS/MS detected and quantified nine commonly used antibiotics in the samples. The results showed 63 CoNS isolates detected in 47 (12%) samples, with S. haemolyticus (78%) and S. epidermidis (8%) being predominant. Most of the isolates (95%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with the highest resistance observed against sulphamethoxazole (87%). Resistance profiles in samples from DDW and KG were largely comparable, but with some differences. For instance, DDW isolates were more resistant to gentamicin (p = 0.0244), trimethoprim (p = 0.0045), and cefoxitin (p = 0.0078), whereas KG isolates were more resistant to erythromycin (p = 0.0356). Although the volunteers had not knowingly consumed antibiotics two weeks before sampling, antibiotic residues, ranging between 1.44–17000 ng mL−1 were identified in 22% of urine samples. Samples with antibiotic residues were likely to also contain rCoNS (89%). The most frequent antibiotics detected were tetracycline (63%) and ciprofloxacin (54%). Healthy individuals could thus be reservoirs of antibiotic residues and rCoNS at the community level.

AB - Antimicrobial resistance threatens infectious disease management outcomes, especially in developing countries. In this study, the occurrence of resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (rCoNS) and antibiotic residues in urine samples of 401 healthy individuals from Korle-Gonno (KG) and Dodowa (DDW) in Ghana was investigated. MALDI-ToF/MS with gram-staining techniques detected and identified the CoNS. SPE-LC-MS/MS detected and quantified nine commonly used antibiotics in the samples. The results showed 63 CoNS isolates detected in 47 (12%) samples, with S. haemolyticus (78%) and S. epidermidis (8%) being predominant. Most of the isolates (95%) were resistant to at least one antibiotic, with the highest resistance observed against sulphamethoxazole (87%). Resistance profiles in samples from DDW and KG were largely comparable, but with some differences. For instance, DDW isolates were more resistant to gentamicin (p = 0.0244), trimethoprim (p = 0.0045), and cefoxitin (p = 0.0078), whereas KG isolates were more resistant to erythromycin (p = 0.0356). Although the volunteers had not knowingly consumed antibiotics two weeks before sampling, antibiotic residues, ranging between 1.44–17000 ng mL−1 were identified in 22% of urine samples. Samples with antibiotic residues were likely to also contain rCoNS (89%). The most frequent antibiotics detected were tetracycline (63%) and ciprofloxacin (54%). Healthy individuals could thus be reservoirs of antibiotic residues and rCoNS at the community level.

KW - Antimicrobial resistance

KW - Antimicrobial susceptibility test

KW - Healthy individuals

KW - LC-MS/MS

KW - Resistant CoNS

U2 - 10.3390/antibiotics11010119

DO - 10.3390/antibiotics11010119

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 35052997

AN - SCOPUS:85123259973

VL - 11

JO - Antibiotics

JF - Antibiotics

SN - 2079-6382

IS - 1

M1 - 119

ER -