TY - JOUR

T1 - Combinations of maggot excretions/secretions and antibiotics are effective against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms and the bacteria derived therefrom

AU - van der Plas, Mariena J A

AU - Dambrot, Cheryl

AU - Dogterom-Ballering, Heleen C M

AU - Kruithof, Simone

AU - van Dissel, Jaap T

AU - Nibbering, Peter H

PY - 2010/5

Y1 - 2010/5

N2 - OBJECTIVES: Maggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata are used for the treatment of chronic wounds. Previously we reported that maggot excretions/secretions (ES) break down Staphylococcus aureus biofilms but do not kill the bacteria. As many antibiotics are not effective against biofilms we assessed the effect of combinations of ES and antibiotics on S. aureus biofilms and on the survival of the bacteria released from the biofilms.METHODS: Effects of ES, antibiotics (vancomycin, daptomycin or clindamycin) and combinations thereof on S. aureus ATCC 29 213 biofilms and bacterial viability were determined using microtitre plates and in vitro killing assays.RESULTS: Vancomycin and daptomycin dose-dependently enhanced biofilm formation, whereas clindamycin reduced S. aureus biofilm size. Adding ES to antibiotic incubations caused a complete biofilm breakdown. After a lag time the bacteria derived from biofilms became susceptible to vancomycin and clindamycin, provided that the medium was refreshed. Daptomycin dose-dependently eliminated the biofilm-derived bacteria immediately. Furthermore, it was significantly more effective against bacteria derived from ES-exposed biofilms than those from control biofilms. ES did not affect the activity of the antibiotics against log-phase S. aureus.CONCLUSIONS: Combinations of maggot ES and antibiotics eliminate S. aureus biofilms and the bacteria derived therefrom.

AB - OBJECTIVES: Maggots of the blowfly Lucilia sericata are used for the treatment of chronic wounds. Previously we reported that maggot excretions/secretions (ES) break down Staphylococcus aureus biofilms but do not kill the bacteria. As many antibiotics are not effective against biofilms we assessed the effect of combinations of ES and antibiotics on S. aureus biofilms and on the survival of the bacteria released from the biofilms.METHODS: Effects of ES, antibiotics (vancomycin, daptomycin or clindamycin) and combinations thereof on S. aureus ATCC 29 213 biofilms and bacterial viability were determined using microtitre plates and in vitro killing assays.RESULTS: Vancomycin and daptomycin dose-dependently enhanced biofilm formation, whereas clindamycin reduced S. aureus biofilm size. Adding ES to antibiotic incubations caused a complete biofilm breakdown. After a lag time the bacteria derived from biofilms became susceptible to vancomycin and clindamycin, provided that the medium was refreshed. Daptomycin dose-dependently eliminated the biofilm-derived bacteria immediately. Furthermore, it was significantly more effective against bacteria derived from ES-exposed biofilms than those from control biofilms. ES did not affect the activity of the antibiotics against log-phase S. aureus.CONCLUSIONS: Combinations of maggot ES and antibiotics eliminate S. aureus biofilms and the bacteria derived therefrom.

KW - Animals

KW - Anti-Bacterial Agents

KW - Biofilms

KW - Biological Products

KW - Clindamycin

KW - Daptomycin

KW - Diptera

KW - Drug Synergism

KW - Humans

KW - Larva

KW - Microbial Viability

KW - Staphylococcus aureus

KW - Vancomycin

KW - Journal Article

U2 - 10.1093/jac/dkq042

DO - 10.1093/jac/dkq042

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 20189943

VL - 65

SP - 917

EP - 923

JO - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

JF - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

SN - 0305-7453

IS - 5

ER -